Monopulse Σ/Δ pair, THIN elements — the same pair cut with the narrow element

The gain-corner element in the pair, measured against the FAT pair at identical settings (PML_8 @915, 240 mm = 0.73λ, shared reflector link): Σ 11.1 dBi (+0.6 on FAT's 10.5 — the element's +1.4 dB does NOT all survive the array) · Σ HPBW 33° vs 32° · F/B 9.2 dB (FAT 13.8) · S11ₐ −17.8 (FAT −19.6) · Δ null 62.8 dB below the ±26° lobes, slightly DEEPER than the FAT pair's 59.2 · Δ lobes 8.8 dBi (FAT 7.1) · monopulse sensitivity is a tie: Δ/Σ = −20.9 dB at 2° and −12.5 at 5° (FAT −21.4 / −13.3), ratio slope 2.80 dB/° vs 2.69 · DF resolution is a tie too: SRL 11.4 vs 11.7° at a −5 dB background, inside the engine's ~0.24° Monte-Carlo floor · CORRECTION (2026-07-25): the first run of this pair reported a 43.8 dB null and a −1.13 dB Δ imbalance at ±2°, published here as a possible boresight bias with the cause flagged as not isolated. It was NUMERICAL. The pair seeded each element's y-mesh from its lower edge, so with this element's 131 mm driven length (half 65.5, not a multiple of the 4 mm step) side A's lines centred on +118.5 and side B's on −121.5 — a grid that is not mirror-symmetric about y=0, which fills an odd-mode null. Seeding outward from each element centre fixes it: the Δ cut is now left/right identical to 0.000 dB at every angle and the null lands at 62.8 dB. The FAT preset (half 64) happened to land symmetric, so its published results were never affected — verified by reproducing its line set exactly · so the narrow element costs NOTHING in the pair beyond F/B and bandwidth, and buys +0.6 dB Σ and no resolution · ONE cut part 313×384 mm

⬗ stack-up: copper-clad FR4 2.0 mm · ONE part CUT to the copper outline (laser or Ø2 mm route bit, drills Ø2) · THIN elements · 2× coax → 180° hybrid

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Statistical resolution limit (SRL) — closest two targets tellable apart vs SNR · hover a point (session 014z DF model)

0510510152025−5 dB bg · harsh−15 dB bg · nominalSNR 5 dB (bg −5 dB) → SRL 11.4° (≈ 20.0 m apart @ 100 m)11.4°SNR 10 dB (bg −10 dB) → SRL 7.5° (≈ 13.2 m apart @ 100 m)SNR 15 dB (bg −15 dB) → SRL 4.7° (≈ 8.2 m apart @ 100 m)4.7°SNR 20 dB (bg −20 dB) → SRL 1.3° (≈ 2.2 m apart @ 100 m)SNR 25 dB (bg −25 dB) → SRL 1.0° (≈ 1.7 m apart @ 100 m)SNR = signal − background (dB) · background = −SNRSRL — resolvable separation (°)Statistical resolution limit — two unresolved targets (Σ HPBW 34°, 0.73λ)full-wave pair Σ/Δ (PML) · THIN elements · GLRT 1-vs-2 · CFAR 5% · 5 dB interferer · 014z model
cnc_loop_mp_thin_sum_pml.jsoncnc_loop_mp_thin_diff_pml.json